To review the effectiveness of its investment in training, Singapore’s Immigration & Checkpoints Authority (ICA),winner of the 2015 SPRING Singapore Quality Award with special commendation, employed the comprehensive 4-level Kirkpatrick’s model: L1 Reaction - Course evaluation results (assessment tool Feedback Form ); L2 Learning - Test results (Knowledge Validation Examination; L3 Behaviour - Application of learning (Pre/Post Course Review Form OJT assessment)’ L4 Results - Impact on KPIs...